This is nco.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from nco.texi.

INFO-DIR-SECTION netCDF
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* NCO::        User Guide for the netCDF Operator suite
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

This file documents NCO, a collection of utilities to manipulate and
analyze netCDF files.

   Copyright © 1995-2025 Charlie Zender

   This is the first edition of the ‘NCO User Guide’,
and is consistent with version 2 of ‘texinfo.tex’.

   Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  The
license is available online at <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html>

   The original author of this software, Charlie Zender, wants to
improve it with the help of your suggestions, improvements, bug-reports,
and patches.
Charlie Zender <surname at uci dot edu> (yes, my surname is zender)
3200 Croul Hall
Department of Earth System Science
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, CA 92697-3100


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nco.info-5: 1203371

Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top1118
Node: Foreword2820
Node: Summary7986
Node: Introduction8793
Node: Availability9081
Ref: Availability-Footnote-111262
Node: How to Use This guide11674
Node: Compatability13489
Ref: Compatability-Footnote-119035
Ref: Compatability-Footnote-219183
Node: Windows Operating System19389
Ref: Windows Operating System-Footnote-121991
Node: Symbolic Links22232
Node: Libraries24248
Ref: Libraries-Footnote-125407
Node: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support25591
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-136588
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-236879
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-337245
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-437367
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-538448
Node: Help Requests and Bug Reports38942
Node: Strategies44151
Node: Philosophy44549
Node: Climate Model Paradigm46087
Node: Temporary Output Files46726
Ref: Temporary Output Files-Footnote-151946
Ref: Temporary Output Files-Footnote-252064
Node: Appending Variables52173
Ref: Appending Variables-Footnote-154266
Ref: Appending Variables-Footnote-254451
Node: Simple Arithmetic and Interpolation54608
Node: Statistics vs Concatenation55363
Ref: Statistics vs Concatenation-Footnote-156578
Ref: Statistics vs Concatenation-Footnote-256855
Node: Concatenation57242
Node: Averaging60918
Node: Interpolating62403
Node: Large Numbers of Files62931
Ref: Large Numbers of Files-Footnote-168928
Node: Large Datasets69264
Node: Memory Requirements72193
Node: Single and Multi-file Operators73644
Ref: Single and Multi-file Operators-Footnote-179433
Node: Memory for ncap279599
Node: Performance81091
Node: Shared features83090
Node: Internationalization84743
Node: Metadata Optimization85327
Node: OpenMP Threading87288
Node: Command Line Options91349
Ref: Command Line Options-Footnote-193846
Node: Truncating Long Options94139
Node: Multi-arguments95835
Ref: Multi-arguments-Footnote-1100420
Node: Sanitization of Input100717
Node: Specifying Input Files103388
Ref: Specifying Input Files-Footnote-1112823
Node: Specifying Output Files113168
Node: Remote storage114965
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-1120614
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-2120843
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-3121197
Node: OPeNDAP121634
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-1128049
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-2128630
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-3129100
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-4129351
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-5129743
Node: Retaining Retrieved Files130008
Node: File Formats and Conversion132272
Node: File Formats133471
Ref: File Formats-Footnote-1137753
Node: Determining File Format137945
Node: File Conversion141506
Ref: File Conversion-Footnote-1143282
Node: Autoconversion143525
Node: Zarr and NCZarr149470
Node: Large File Support153211
Ref: Large File Support-Footnote-1154754
Node: Subsetting Files154792
Ref: Subsetting Files-Footnote-1170381
Node: Subsetting Coordinate Variables170616
Node: Group Path Editing173828
Node: Flattening Groups176010
Node: Moving Groups181150
Ref: Moving Groups-Footnote-1183341
Node: Dismembering Files183530
Node: Checking CF-compliance191675
Ref: Checking CF-compliance-Footnote-1199055
Node: C and Fortran Index Conventions199211
Node: Hyperslabs201018
Node: Stride207799
Node: Record Appending211140
Node: Subcycle214942
Ref: Subcycle-Footnote-1218923
Node: Interleave219033
Node: Multislabs224475
Node: Wrapped Coordinates232427
Node: Auxiliary Coordinates235365
Node: Grid Generation242625
Ref: Grid Generation-Footnote-1270541
Ref: Grid Generation-Footnote-2271003
Node: Regridding271592
Node: Climatology and Bounds Support303529
Node: UDUnits Support307856
Node: Rebasing Time Coordinate317399
Node: Multiple Record Dimensions320456
Node: Missing Values322781
Ref: Missing Values-Footnote-1328717
Ref: Missing Values-Footnote-2328962
Node: Chunking329071
Ref: Chunking-Footnote-1347715
Node: Quantization Algorithms347965
Node: Compression350839
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_dfl363393
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_bz2371993
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_zst374591
Ref: Compression-Footnote-1375628
Ref: Compression-Footnote-2375752
Ref: Compression-Footnote-3375840
Ref: Compression-Footnote-4375936
Ref: Compression-Footnote-5376499
Ref: Compression-Footnote-6376716
Node: Linear Packing376907
Node: Precision-Preserving Compression378456
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-1405559
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-2405929
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-3406351
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-4407470
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-5408838
Node: Deflation409036
Node: MD5 digests411281
Node: Buffer sizes415258
Ref: Buffer sizes-Footnote-1416556
Node: RAM disks416680
Node: Unbuffered I/O421693
Node: Packed data422992
Ref: Packed data-Footnote-1430828
Ref: Packed data-Footnote-2431005
Node: Operation Types431232
Node: Type Conversion438952
Node: Automatic type conversion440218
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-1447028
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-2447051
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-3447244
Node: Promoting Single-precision to Double447448
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-1466361
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-2466826
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-3467319
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-4467619
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-5467724
Node: Manual type conversion467788
Node: Batch Mode468773
Node: Global Attribute Addition469934
Node: History Attribute472453
Ref: History Attribute-Footnote-1476083
Node: File List Attributes476332
Node: CF Conventions478136
Node: ARM Conventions494287
Node: Operator Version496402
Node: Reference Manual497560
Node: ncap2 netCDF Arithmetic Processor498694
Node: Syntax of ncap2 statements504429
Node: Expressions505801
Node: Dimensions513161
Node: Left hand casting515410
Node: Arrays and hyperslabs520255
Node: Attributes526683
Node: Value List530443
Node: Number literals531698
Node: if statement535651
Node: Print & String methods537875
Node: Missing values ncap2542053
Node: Methods and functions547139
Node: RAM variables554431
Node: Where statement555711
Node: Loops561034
Node: Include files562369
Node: Sort methods563593
Node: UDUnits script574950
Node: Vpointer578670
Node: Irregular grids583136
Node: Bilinear interpolation588665
Node: GSL special functions592915
Ref: GSL special functions-Footnote-1615264
Node: GSL interpolation616584
Node: GSL least-squares fitting618664
Node: GSL statistics622719
Node: GSL random number generation626492
Node: Examples ncap2630997
Node: Intrinsic mathematical methods638568
Ref: Intrinsic mathematical methods-Footnote-1643921
Ref: Intrinsic mathematical methods-Footnote-2644780
Node: Operator precedence and associativity644853
Node: ID Quoting647405
Node: make_bounds() function649946
Node: solar_zenith_angle function651190
Node: ncatted netCDF Attribute Editor652552
Ref: ncatted netCDF Attribute Editor-Footnote-1673257
Node: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator674338
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-1688140
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-2688329
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-3688689
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-4688749
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-5688821
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-6689027
Node: ncchecker netCDF Compliance Checker689384
Node: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator691448
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-1778719
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-2779130
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-3779397
Node: ncecat netCDF Ensemble Concatenator779707
Node: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics789345
Ref: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics-Footnote-1799495
Ref: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics-Footnote-2799773
Node: ncflint netCDF File Interpolator800296
Node: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink809150
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-1884072
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-2884390
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-3884761
Node: Filters for ncks884876
Node: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly901272
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-1923305
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-2923410
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-3923991
Node: ncra netCDF Record Averager924263
Node: ncrcat netCDF Record Concatenator934222
Node: ncremap netCDF Remapper938843
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-11091961
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-21092372
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-31092455
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-41092597
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-51092923
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-61093390
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-71093676
Node: ncrename netCDF Renamer1093750
Node: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager1110395
Ref: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager-Footnote-11115832
Ref: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager-Footnote-21115973
Node: Mask condition1116179
Ref: Mask condition-Footnote-11117654
Node: Normalization and Integration1117854
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-11123659
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-21123733
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-31123857
Node: Contributing1124026
Ref: Contributing-Footnote-11124761
Node: Contributors1125175
Node: Citation1129565
Node: Proposals for Institutional Funding1130931
Node: Quick Start1132106
Node: Daily data in one file1132583
Node: Monthly data in one file1134005
Node: One time point one file1135667
Node: Multiple files with multiple time points1136624
Node: CMIP5 Example1137116
Node: Combine Files1139852
Node: Global Distribution of Long-term Average1149306
Ref: fgr:glb1149542
Node: Annual Average over Regions1154317
Ref: fgr:anl1154527
Node: Monthly Cycle1167424
Ref: fgr:mon1167583
Node: Regrid MODIS Data1174647
Node: Add Coordinates to MODIS Data1182207
Node: Permute MODIS Coordinates1184209
Node: Parallel1186146
Node: CCSM Example1186498
Node: mybibnode1199183
Ref: ZeM071199308
Ref: Zen081199539
Ref: WZJ071199747
Ref: ZMW061200133
Ref: ZeW071200373
Ref: WZJ061200788
Ref: WZJ0731200978
Ref: WZJ0741201426
Ref: WZJ0811201628
Ref: WZJ0911201908
Ref: PFT881202126
Node: General Index1203371

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